As is, already shown in experimental hemolytic anemia presented by foreign workers, severe anemia develops frequently in rabbits after injection of anti-sera.
Experimental hemolytic anemia has long been used as a research disease and can be of value in understanding of acquired hemolytic anemia, in man, because of the difficality of clinical laboratory findings.
There are many kinds of methods used for the production of this experimental hemolytic anemia.
The hemolytic serum of this study was produced in the guinea pigs and dogs by several injection with rabbit´s red cells. The hemolytic serum should be standardized by testing its effect on a sufficiently large number of animals.
The hemolytic serum was selected for this study when the titer was over 512 units and hemolysin titer was over 16 units.
Experimental hemolytic anemia produced in rabbits with anti-rabbit red cell dog serum and anti-rabbit red cell guinea pig serum offered many interesting variety of hematologic and immuno-hematologic changes.
These include severity of anemia, spherocytosis, normoblastemia, reticulocytosis, osmotic fragility, the direct and indirect anti-globulin tests and life span of erythrocytes.
Specially, the purpose of this study is to know the differences of experimental hemolytic anemia produced by injection of anti-rabbit red cell dog serum and anti-rabbit red cell guinea pig serum. The results obtained were as follows;
1. Hemolytic shock were produced by the largest dose of anti-sera.(4.0 ml. of anti-dog sera and 1.0 ml. of anti-guinea pig sera)
It had been found that 3 cases among 5 rabbits produced hemolytic anemia by injection of antirabbit red cell dog serum terminated fatally within 12 hours. On the other hand, 2 cases among 3 rabbits produced hemolytic anemia by injection of anti-rabbit red cell guinea pig serum died. within 12 hours.
2. In survived animals given large doses or half of the hemolytic shock doses, pancytopenia in peripheral bloods and hyperplasia in bone marrow were important findings before death.
3. In acute hemolytic anemia given half of the hemolytic shock doses, a slight to moderate anemia,
a positive Coombs tests in many cases, and moderate spherocytosis were the earliest findings.Transient leukocytosis or pancytopenia were recognized in some cases. Increased fragility of red cells, reticulocytosis were found regularly.
4. Rabbits given 3.0 ml.(per kg.) of anti-dog serum dveloped to acute hemolytic anemia, but all cases except one recovered. On the other hand, 2 among 3 cases of guinea pigs given 1.0 ml.r,per kg.) of anti-guinea pig serum died on hemolytic shock stage. There was a significant difference in the severity of the nemia between the effects of anti-dog serum and those of anti-guinea pig serum.
5. The rate of positive Coombs tests appeared to parallel the severity of anemia and the doses of anti-serum injected.
6. The rate of positive direct Coombs tests in rabbits given anti-dog serum was 73.6% and that in
rabbits given anti-guinea pig serum was 41.1 %. The significant difference in both anti-serum was recognized by these findings.
7. Red cell survival time was determined by method of Cr51 tagged red cells. Red cell survival time among rabbits injected normal dog serum and rabbits injected anti-rabbit red cell dog serum showed a significant difference. Specially, it was, markedly shortened in the rabbit given large dose of anti-sera.
8. The rate of, a-and 19 globulin as well as 7-globulin increased after injection of anti-serum and decreased 6-9 weeks later. There was no significant difference between splenectomized and non-splenectomized rabbits.
9. Splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, hyperplastic red marrow, hyperemia of the spleen, focal necrosis ´of the liver and focal edema in the lungs were recognized at autopsy.
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